考研851 自动控制原理
真题 · image

三、解答

回路:\(L_1=-G_1H_1\)\(L_2=-G_1G_2G_3H_2H_1\)\(L_3=-G_3H_2\)

\(\Delta=1-L_1-L_2-L_3+L_1L_3=1+G_1H_1+G_1G_2G_3H_2H_1+G_3H_2+G_1G_3H_1H_2\)

\(\dfrac{C}{R}\) 前向通路:\(P_1=G_1G_2G_3,\Delta_1=1\)\(P_2=G_3G_4,\Delta_2=1+G_1H_1\)

\[\frac{C}{R}=\frac{G_1G_2G_3+G_3G_4\left(1+G_1H_1\right)}{\Delta=1-L_1-L_2-L_3+L_1L_3=1+G_1H_1+G_1G_2G_3H_2H_1+G_3H_2+G_1G_3H_1H_2}\]

\(\dfrac{E}{R}\) 前向通路:\(P_3=1,\Delta_3=1+G_3H_2\)\(P_4=-G_3G_4H_1H_2,\Delta_4=1\)

\[\frac{E}{R}=\frac{1+G_3H_2-G_3G_4H_1H_2}{\Delta=1-L_1-L_2-L_3+L_1L_3=1+G_1H_1+G_1G_2G_3H_2H_1+G_3H_2+G_1G_3H_1H_2}\]

四、解答

  1. \[G=\frac{K}{s(s+4)(s+8)+0.25Ks}=\frac{K}{s\left[(s+4)(s+8)+0.25K\right]}\]

阻尼比对应的阻尼角为 \(45°\),故设共轭复根为 \(s=-x\pm xj\)

闭环特征方程为:

\[D=s\left[(s+4)(s+8)+0.25K\right]+K=s^3+12s^2+(32+0.25K)s+K\]

\(s=-x+xj\) 带入 \(D=0\)

\[D(x)=(-x+xj)^3+12(-x+xj)^2+(32+0.25K)(-x+xj)+K\]
\[=(2+2j)x^3-24x^2j+(32+0.25K)(-x+xj)+K\]
\[=\left[2x^3-(32+0.25K)x+K\right]+\left[(32+0.25K)x-24x^2+2x^3\right]j\]
\[\Rightarrow\begin{cases}2x^3-(32+0.25K)x+K=0\\(32+0.25K)x-24x^2+2x^3=0\end{cases}\]
\[\Rightarrow\begin{cases}K=128\\x=4\end{cases}\]
  1. \(D=s^3+12s^2+64s+128=0 \Rightarrow\) 长除法求得 \(s=-4\pm4j\)\(-4\)

  2. $\(G=\frac{128}{s\left[(s+4)(s+8)+32\right]}\)$,I 型

\[K_v=\lim_{s\to0}sG=2\Rightarrow e=\frac{1}{K_v}=0.5\]

五、解答

$\(GH=\frac{K(-s-2)}{(s+3)(s^2+2s+2)}=\frac{-K(s+2)}{(s+3)(s^2+2s+2)}\)$,绘制 \(0°\) 根轨迹