考研851 自动控制原理
题海 · solution · p.69
\[\Delta\theta_{ssv}(\infty)=\frac{60}{K_v}=\frac{15}{K_1K_m}\]

此时

\[u_s(\infty)=K_1\cdot\Delta\theta_{ssv}(\infty)=\frac{15}{K_m}=0.145\]

\[K_m=\frac{15}{0.145}=103.45\]

当输入轴\(\theta_i(t)=10\times1(t)\)时,显然由图2-83(b)可知

\[u_s(0)=0.35=10\cdot K_1\]

\[K_1=0.035\]

由于\(\Delta\theta=u_s/K_1\),故由图2-83(b),可得误差角概略曲线如图2-85所示,则输入轴\(\theta_i(t)=10\times1(t)\)时,由于\(\Delta\theta=\theta_i-\theta_o\),可得系统的输出角度曲线如图2-86所示。

图:自控原理题海_p069_fig1

图2-85 误差角度曲线

图:自控原理题海_p069_fig2

图2-86 输出角度曲线

由图2-86可得

\[\sigma\%=\frac{11.714-10}{10}\times100\%=17.14\%\]

由于

\[G(s)=\frac{4K_1K_m}{s(T_ms+1)}=\frac{14.483/T_m}{s^2+s/T_m}=\frac{\omega_n^2}{s(s+2\zeta\omega_n)}\]

\[\omega_n=\sqrt{\frac{14.483}{T_m}},\qquad \zeta=\frac{1/T_m}{2\omega_n}=\frac{1}{7.61\sqrt{T_m}}\]

\[\sigma\%=e^{-\pi\zeta/\sqrt{1-\zeta^2}}\times100\%=17.14\%\Rightarrow\zeta=0.49\]

\[T_m=\left(\frac{1}{7.61\zeta}\right)^2=0.072\]

故电位器误差检测器传递系数\(K_1=0.035\),直流电动机的传递系数\(K_m=103.45\),直流电动机的时间常数\(T_m=0.072\)

仿真结果如图2-87、图2-88所示。

MATLAB程序:exe246.m

k1=0.035;          km=103.45;         tm=0.072;
num1=[4*k1*km*10]; den1=[tm 1 4*k1*km]; figure, step(num1,den1); grid on
t=0:0.01:0.8;      u=60*t;
num1=[4*k1*km];    den1=[tm 1 4*k1*km]; figure, lsim(num1,den1,u,t); grid on

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