考研851 自动控制原理
题海 · 题解 · p.289

(接上页代码)

G1=tf(wn^2,conv([1,0],[1,2*keth1*wn]));
G2=tf(wn^2,conv([1,0],[1,2*keth2*wn]));
cloop1=feedback(G1,1);
cloop2=feedback(G2,1);
figure(1);margin(G1);grid;
figure(2);margin(G2);grid;
figure(3);bode(close1);grid;
figure(4);bode(close2);grid;
figure(5);step(close1);grid;
figure(6);step(close2);grid;

5-42

设二阶系统如图5-63(a)所示。若分别加入测速反馈校正,\(0.1 \leqslant K_t \leqslant 1.5\)(图5-63(b))和比例-微分校正\(0.1 \leqslant K_d \leqslant 1.5\)(图5-63(c)),并设\(\omega_n=1,\zeta=0.2\),试确定各种情况下相角裕度\(\gamma\)的范围,并加以比较。

图:自控原理题海_p289_fig1

图 5-63 二阶系统结构图

(a)原系统 (b)测速反馈控制系统 (c)比例-微分控制系统

(1)对于图5-63(a),系统为典型二阶系统,有

\[\omega_c = \omega_n \sqrt{\sqrt{1+4\zeta^4}-2\zeta^2}\]
\[\gamma = 180° + \varphi(\omega_c) = 90° - \arctan\frac{\omega_c}{2\zeta\omega_n}\]

代入\(\omega_n=1,\zeta=0.2\),解得

\[\omega_c = 0.96, \quad \gamma = 22.62°\]

MATLAB验证:令\(\omega_n=1,\zeta=0.2\),作系统开环对数频率特性及单位阶跃响应,分别如图5-64和图5-65所示。测得

\[\omega_c = 0.96081\ \text{rad/s}, \quad \gamma = 22.603°\]
\[\sigma\% = 52\%, \quad t_p = 3.02\text{s}, \quad t_s = 17.2\text{s}\ (\Delta=2\%), \quad e_{ss}(\infty) = 0\]

MATLAB文本:exe542a.m

wn=1;keth=0.2
G=tf(wn^2,conv([1,0],[1,2*keth*wn]));
cloop=feedback(G,1);
figure(1);margin(G);grid;
figure(2);step(cloop);grid;

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